Abstract Background Metapopulation persistence in fragmented landscapes is assured by dispersal of individuals between local populations. In this scenario the landscape topography. although usually neglected. may have an important role in shaping dispersal throughout the matrix separating habitat patches. https://www.roneverhart.com/HP-Pavilion-15-eg1053cl-15-6-FHD-Touch-Intel-Core-i5-1235U-3-30-GHz-Intel-Iris-Xe-Graphics-12-GB-DDR4-RAM-512-GB-SSD-/